Trapping Basics: Guide to Trap Types and Setting Tips

Traps are essential tools for any trapper. In this section, we’ll cover the basics of each common trap type, how to set them, and considerations for choosing the right one.

Modern traps are designed either to dispatch the animal quickly or to hold it unharmed until it can be checked by the trapper or a wildlife control operator. Selecting the right trap for each species is crucial to ensure a humane and effective harvest. Throughout this guide, we’ll help you choose the correct size and style of trap for each specific furbearer.

Traps come in a variety of brands and price points. Higher-quality (and often more expensive) traps usually require less prep work before heading out on the line. Lower-cost traps may need a bit more fine-tuning, but with the right skills and adjustments, they can perform just as well.

Before purchasing traps, always check your local and state regulations, as laws vary widely. It’s a good idea to talk to experienced local trappers to learn what works best in your area. If that’s not an option, reach out to us, we'll be happy to point you in the right direction. Once you have a starting point, try a few different models to see what suits your style.

Longspring traps are one of the earliest steel foothold designs, dating back to the early days of North American exploration. Despite their age, they are still manufactured and used across the country. Many veteran government trappers still prefer them for certain jobs. Even worn longsprings with weak springs are excellent for muskrat and weasel trapping.

Introduced around 1940, coilspring traps quickly overtook older designs like longsprings and jump traps. Today, they are the most widely used foothold traps due to their compact design, ease of storage, and effectiveness. They come in 2-coil or 4-coil versions depending on target species and terrain.

Dogless and Night-Latch Designs

Some coilspring traps are “dogless,” meaning they don’t use a traditional dog piece. Instead, the pan engages directly with the jaw. These designs reduce moving parts and simplify setting.

Many traps also include a night latch—a small groove in the pan or dog. When the pan is lifted into position, you’ll hear a faint “click,” signaling that the trap is properly set and ready.

Some states may also require rubber-jawed traps. These traps offer added protection for the animal but can be more difficult to maintain and use. Only choose rubber jaws when required.

Bodygrip traps—often called conibears—are lethal traps designed to quickly dispatch animals as they attempt to pass through. Due to their design, they must be used with great caution to avoid catching non-target animals. When used correctly, they are highly efficient and may be legal to check at longer intervals in some states.

These traps come in various sizes, usually with one or two springs depending on model and target species.

Dog proof traps are specialized foothold traps designed mainly for raccoons and occasionally skunks. Their design prevents domestic dogs from triggering them, making them ideal for use around populated areas. Due to the simplicity of them, they are great for young and new trappers.